I'm not an author but I saw this paper that shows the positive effects of affirmative actions: TRICKLE-DOWN EFFECTS OF AFFIRMATIVE ACTION: A CASE STUDY IN FRANCE.
Abstract: We study chess, an activity where we have access to the universe of participants, a universal and quite accurate measure of performance ability, and where an affirmative action quota has been implemented on the elite level, the French club championship, several decades ago. We find that on the club championship level women perform better over time, to a degree that they outperform more and more men. Furthermore, the quota effects trickle-down on the national level with female players becoming more prevalent, especially at the non-youth level. Both, the increase in representation, as well as the performance gains of female players in France are not due to time trends, since they are not reflected in other EU15 countries. Finally, the gains of women do not appear to come at the cost of men. We end with a discussion on how the findings in chess can apply to other environments.
There is an interesting difference between the select group of female chess players, who are all motivated to succeed and got into the game voluntarily, and the female adult part of the general population, who is more heterogeneous in terms of how they want to secure their livelihoods. This heterogeneity is possibly causing the merit gap between male and female applicants as it translates into a smaller female than male pool of suitable candidates for any given job, which f3minists misinterpret as discrimination of women.