(1.) A paper in Journal of Political Economy is obliterated by two researchers due to it's selective reporting, p-hacking, garden of forking paths (not the same as p-hacking!) overconfident conclusions etcetera etcetera. After plenty of drama and corruption, the criticism is finally published in a lower ranked journal:
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/sjoe.12209
Most rearchers who followed this discussion at the time found the criticism to be very convincing, and they still do. Researchers today tend to regard the discredited JPE publication (just one of many) as basically junk science.
(2.) Now, some Assistant Professor, let's call him Coward Careerist, at MIT/Harvard also regards the criticism of the original JPE paper as both important and convincing, and cites it in one of his high-potential working papers. That is, he originally cites both the discredited top 5 paper and the devastating criticisms published in the lower ranked journal.
However, it doesn't take long before the lower ranked paper has suddenly ended up in one of Coward Careerist's footnotes:
https://economics.mit.edu/files/13646
The footnote is easy to miss, but at least states the basic facts i.e. that ''Nekby and Pettersson-Lidbom (2017) revisit the work by Dahlberg et al. (2012), and argue that findings in the latter paper might be sensitive to the sample used and to measurement of preferences for redistribution.''
(3.) Once Assistant Professor Coward Careerists realizes that his paper is getting close to a top 5 accept, suddenly he makes the lower ranked paper disappear entirely from his footnotes and reference list. After finally getting his top 5 accept, Assistant Professor Coward Careerist decides to cite only the discredited JPE paper. He does this without mentioning any of the devastating criticisms that he is clearly fully aware of. Essentially, Assistant Professor Coward Careerist decides that the criticism never really existed.
https://academic.oup.com/restud/article-abstract/87/1/454/5486071?redirectedFrom=fulltext
Here is Assistant Professor Coward Careerists website: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/profile.aspx?facId=1060330